Nickel hydrogen batteries and lithium batteries, new energy vehicles more suitable for which?

The industry has developed to this day, has passed through the era of lead-acid batteries and nickel-cadmium batteries, and is currently in the era of nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Nickel hydrogen battery VS lithium battery, who is the right man?

On June 25, 2009, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Regulations on the Administration of New Energy Vehicle Production Enterprises and Products", which was formally implemented on July 1. In the "Rules", the new energy vehicles are divided into three different technological stages: the start-up period, the development period, and the maturity period. Fuel cell vehicles, hydrogen engine vehicles and dimethyl ether vehicles were included in the start-up period; Lithium-ion power batteries are powered hybrid passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, and pure electric vehicles, which belong to the development period; Hybrid passenger vehicles using lead-acid batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries are mature. It is worth noting that the lithium-ion battery electric vehicle that is generally favored by the industry has fallen into the mixed power of nickel-metal hydride batteries and has been designated in the development period.

Nickel hydride batteries accelerate.

As an alternative to the early nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydrogen batteries are currently the most environmentally friendly batteries. They no longer use toxic cadmium and can eliminate pollution problems caused by heavy metal elements on the environment. Nickel-metal hydride batteries have a large energy density ratio, which means that the use of nickel-metal hydride batteries can effectively extend the operating time of the device without adding extra weight to the digital device. Another advantage of nickel-metal hydride batteries is that they greatly reduce the "memory effect" that exists in nickel-cadmium batteries, which makes nickel-metal hydride batteries more convenient to use.

How can nickel-metal hydride batteries replace the most promising lithium batteries? It makes sense. First, nickel-metal hydride batteries have been on the market since the 1990s and have been tested for longer periods. Second, nickel and hydrogen mineral resources are sufficient; Once again, there are many domestic manufacturers, and there are more than 100 private companies that make nickel-metal hydride batteries in Guangdong alone; Fourth, compared with lithium electricity, nickel-metal hydride batteries are characterized by high safety and are not prone to explosion.

Nickel-metal hydride batteries are the most mature secondary batteries currently used in the HEV automotive field. But objectively, nickel-metal hydride batteries also have some "constraints": the refining technology is not mature enough, the cost is too high. There is also a hidden danger that once a large area is promoted, it will face the problem of recycling in the future. In the long run, nickel-metal hydride batteries will face strong challenges for lithium-ion batteries, but in the short term, nickel-metal hydride batteries are still promising in the coming new energy era.

Lithium Battery Future Star

Since the commercialization of lithium ion batteries in 1991, the entire lithium ion battery industry has developed rapidly. Polymer lithium ion batteries are superior to liquid lithium ion batteries in terms of safety, volume, quality, capacity, and discharge performance, and have a wider range of applications.

At the 5th Beijing international electric vehicle clean energy vehicle exhibition held recently, the reporter interviewed found that the passenger car manufacturers brought to the exhibition almost all pure electric passenger cars using lithium batteries. FAW passenger cars use lithium-powered batteries, Zhongda Qingshan pure electric passenger cars, Shandong Yixing has adopted lithium iron phosphate batteries, and a variety of lithium batteries including lithium-phosphate lithium electrons and lithium pyrite phosphate have been fully demonstrated.

Song Jian, executive vice president of the Academy of automotive engineering at Tsinghua University, said that 99 % of the world's hybrid battery market share is nickel-metal hydride batteries, and nickel-metal hydride battery technology is also relatively mature in the domestic development. However, nickel is expensive, and nickel-metal hydride batteries are more expensive to produce than lithium batteries such as Gaochu. Compared with nickel-metal hydride batteries, the weight of the new generation of lithium batteries will be reduced by half, the storage capacity will be more than doubled, and the mileage after a charge will be greatly increased. And the life of nickel-metal hydride batteries will reach its limit within the next 3 to 5 years. In the long run, lithium-ion batteries will become a more reliable power source for the future development of new energy vehicles.

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