On the use and maintenance of lead batteries

Lead acid battery is an important part of the electric system of agricultural vehicles and tractors. The life of the battery is closely related to the use and maintenance, and improper use and maintenance can cause early damage to the battery. Therefore, it is very necessary to use and maintain the battery carefully. In addition, some damage sometimes occurs during the use of batteries. Users take some temporary measures to repair them immediately, which can avoid causing delays in agriculture and reduce losses.

Use and maintenance of lead-acid batteries

1, the correct installation of iron pole pile. On the current agricultural vehicles and tractors, the batteries used with Silicon rectifier generators are negative poles, and the batteries used with DC generators are positive poles and can not be loaded upside down; Otherwise, the former will burn out the Silicon diode and the latter will burn out the regulator contacts. The poles marked "+" on the pole pile of the lead-acid battery are positive poles and the negative poles marked "-'' are negative poles. When there is no mark, it can be identified according to the following characteristics: the thick pole is the positive pole, and the thin pole is the negative pole; The oxide on the pole pile is more positive and less negative; The polar pile is dark brown with positive poles and light gray with negative poles; It is also possible to draw a wire from each polar pile and insert it in the same cup of acid. A large number of bubbles produce negative poles.

Don't overdischarge the battery. When starting with an electric starter, each operation must not exceed 5s; When the first start is not possible, 2-3 min should be restarted; When 3 times can not start, should check the reason, can not start continuously again.

In winter, the engine should be heated and the oil should be warmed up in advance to reduce the load of the start-up motor and reduce the output current of the battery. In addition, in the event that the junction clip does not loosen, do not move the junction CLIP head vigorously to avoid extreme pile loosening.

4, the correct maintenance of the battery should also do the following:

(1) Always keep the battery clean. Electrolytes, dirt, dust, etc. that overflow from the external surface of the battery can cause short-circuit discharge and must be cleaned regularly. Piles and terminals should be kept clean, in good contact and coated with Vaseline to prevent oxidation. The air hole on the battery cover should be kept open, so as not to burst the battery shell due to gas expansion.

(2) The battery must be firmly installed on the locomotive, and there must be a shockproof pad to avoid cracking the battery shell during driving. When the shell is found to be broken or the electrolytic fluid leaks, it should be repaired in time.

(3) Check the liquid surface height of the electrolyte regularly. During the inspection, the glass tube with two openings is applied. After the single lattice is inserted, the upper mouth is blocked with the finger, and then the observation is drawn out. The use of metal instruments is strictly prohibited. When the liquid surface is insufficient, distilled water should be added in time; When the electrolyte leaks or spills, the original density of the electrolyte should be added. After the distilled water is added, the engine should be started for charging so that the electrolyte is evenly mixed.

(4) Always check the storage condition of the battery. Measurement by electrolytic densitometer or discharge fork. In the absence of the above instrument, the volume of the horn or the intensity of the light can also be checked. It is forbidden to use short-circuit discharge to check the size of the electric spark. It is forbidden to place conductive tools and objects on the battery to prevent short-circuit detonation of the battery.

Immediate Repair of Common Damage of Lead Acid Battery

During the use process, if the battery is damaged, the user can take some temporary measures to immediately repair the emergency, and then completely repair when conditions are met.

1, pole pile ablation, fracture. When the pole pile is ablated and broken, it can be repaired by wire planting. First cut the damaged pole pile from the root level, drill in the center of its section? 5 mm, deep 15mm hole, screw M6 × 30 hexagonal screw. Place the tin horn tube on the pole pile, pour the heated molten lead water, cool and remove the horn tube.

2, shell, top crack. If it is found in time during the journey, it should be blocked first. Pour the battery to the leaky side, dry the leaking electrolyte, dig some seals at the battery cover, and heat up the exhaust pipe. If it is a long crack, use a hacksaw to open the V-shaped groove and then fill it. For small cracks, adhesives can be used. The method is to locally heat the crack first, cut it into V-shaped slots along the crack with a knife after softening, and then plug the matched resin mud into the place to be repaired. After Tuping sticks the paper, it is placed in the room to harden itself. After you can use it.

3, pole short circuit. It is mostly caused by damage to the partition or too much sediment at the bottom. If the partition is damaged, the battery should be removed and the partition replaced. If only one single grid partition is damaged, the single grid plate group can be removed separately for repair. If there is too much sediment, the electrolyte should be poured out, washed again and again with distilled water and then charged.

4, the active material on the plate fell off. When the active substance does not fall off for a long time, it can clear the sediment and continue to use it.

5, Polar plate vulcanization. It is mostly caused by the long-term discharge or semi-discharge of the battery and the formation of a rough granular lead sulfate on the polar plate. If the vulcanization is not serious, a small current can be used for long-term charging to restore the active material. The operation method is as follows: First, the battery is discharged at a discharge rate of 20H, all the electrolytes are poured out, washed with distilled water several times, and then distilled water is injected. To the standard liquid surface. Charge with the charging current of the second phase of the initial charge and measure the density of the electrolyte at any time. When the density increases to 1.15 g/cm3, stop charging. Then pour out all the electrolytes in each single cell and inject distilled water to continue charging. This is repeated many times until the density of the electrolyte no longer increases. The last discharge, and then enough electricity, the electrolyte density adjustment to the desired value can be. After devulcanization and charging of the battery, its capacity should be restored to more than 80 % of the rated capacity. Otherwise, several additional charge and discharge treatments should be performed.

6, seal gum ruptured. If the crack is small, hot iron can be used. If the crack is large and the electrolyte leakage is serious, it should be eradicated and re-poured. In order to make the sealing material and the shell reliable combination, the pouring place should be coated with cotton yarn with alkaline water to scrub acid.

7, battery break. After a single grid of the battery is broken, a single grid that can be crossed by a sufficiently thick wire can be temporarily used.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.