What are the advantages and disadvantages of lithium titanate battery technology?

Lithium titanate battery advantages

Lithium titanate battery has small volume, light weight, high energy density, good sealing performance, no leakage, no memory effect, low self-discharge rate, rapid charge and discharge, long cycle life, wide working temperature range, safe and stable green And so on, so it has a very broad application prospect in the field of communication power.

When the lithium titanate is used as the negative electrode material, the potential platform is as high as 1.55V, which is more than 1V higher than the conventional graphite negative electrode material. Although some energy density is lost, it means that the battery is safer. Lu Lu, a technical expert, once said that the battery needs to be low when the battery is rapidly charged. However, if it is too low, the lithium battery will easily precipitate very active metal lithium. This lithium ion is not only conductive but also reacts with the electrolyte. Releases heat, produces flammable gases, and causes a fire. The lithium titanate avoids the precipitation of lithium ions because the high voltage of 1V avoids the negative voltage of 0, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery.

Since the lithium titanate battery can be safely used in both high temperature and low temperature environments, it also shows its important advantages of wide temperature resistance (especially low temperature resistance). At present, the safe working temperature range of the Yinlong lithium titanate battery is between -50 degrees and 65 degrees, while the ordinary graphite-based negative battery begins to attenuate when the temperature is lower than -20 degrees, and the charging capacity is only -30 degrees. 14% of the total charge capacity does not work properly in cold weather. In addition, since the lithium titanate battery is only 1% volume change even if it is overcharged, it is called a zero strain material, which makes it have an extremely long life. Wei Yincang, chairman of Yinlong, once said that the life of Yinlong lithium titanate battery can reach 30 years, which is equivalent to the service life of the automobile, while the average life of ordinary graphite anode material battery is only 3-4 years. Lithium titanate batteries are less expensive from a life cycle perspective.

The last advantage of lithium titanate is its fast charge and discharge capability and high charge rate. At present, the charging rate of Yinlong lithium titanate battery is 10C or even 20C, while the battery charging magnification of ordinary graphite anode material is only 2C-4C. Based on these technical characteristics of lithium titanate batteries, the industry believes that it meets the needs of new energy buses and large-scale energy storage equipment.

Disadvantages of lithium titanate battery

However, the excellent safety performance makes the research on lithium titanate battery become a hot spot, but the lower electronic conductivity (10-13S/cm) and lithium ion diffusion coefficient of Li4Ti5O12 material itself (10-10~10-13cm2/ S) greatly limits the application of large magnification charging and discharging. Some scholars have shown that the nanometer particle size of Li4Ti5O12 can expand the effective reaction area and reduce the diffusion distance, thus significantly improving the rate performance of the material. However, it should be pointed out that the process of nano-materialization of materials is often difficult and requires high cost, and it is difficult to achieve large-scale industrial production at present.

Lithium titanate battery will continue to produce gas during recycling, resulting in battery pack bulging, especially at high temperatures, affecting the contact between positive and negative electrodes, increasing battery impedance, affecting battery performance. This is also one of the main obstacles limiting the widespread use of lithium titanate, a negative electrode material, in batteries.