What is the material of the battery connector

A Battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy in a cup, tank, or other container or part of a composite container containing an electrolyte solution and metal electrodes to generate electricity. Have positive pole, negative pole cent. With the development of science and technology, battery generally refers to small devices that can generate electricity. Such as solar cells. The performance parameters of battery mainly include electromotive force, capacity, specific energy and resistance. Use battery as a power source, can get a stable voltage, stable current, stable power supply for a long time, influenced by the outside world is very small current, and the cells of simple structure, easy to carry, easy to charge and discharge operation, not affected by weather and temperature, stable and reliable performance, in all aspects of life in modern society play a large role.

Battery performance parameters

1. The electromotive force

Electromotive force is equilibrium electrode potential difference between the two electrodes, lead-acid batteries, for example, E = Ф + 0 - Ф - 0 + RT/F * In (alpha - H2SO4 / alpha H2O).

Where: E - electromotive force

Ф + 0 - the positive standard electrode potential, its value is 1.690 V

Ф - 0 - negative standard electrode potential, with a value of 0.356 V

R -- universal gas constant, whose value is 8.314

T -- temperature, which is related to the temperature of the battery

F - Faraday constant with a value of 96485

The activity of sulphuric acid, related to the concentration of sulphuric acid

The activity of alpha H2O - water is related to the concentration of sulfuric acid

As can be seen from the above equation, the standard electromotive force of lead-acid battery is 1.690- (-0.0.356) = 2.046v, so the nominal voltage of the battery is 2V. The electromotive force of lead-acid battery is related to temperature and concentration of sulfuric acid.

What is the material of the battery connector -- the battery

2. Rated capacity

Under specified design conditions (e.g. temperature, discharge rate, termination voltage, etc.), the minimum capacity to be discharged by the battery in amperes per hour is indicated by the symbol C. Capacity is greatly affected by the discharge rate, so the discharge rate is usually marked with Arabic Numbers in the lower right corner of the letter C, for example, C20=50, indicating that the capacity is 50 ampere · hour under the rate of 20. The theoretical capacity of the battery can be accurately calculated according to the amount of electrode active substance in the battery equation and the electrochemical equivalent of the active substance calculated according to Faraday's law. The actual capacity of batteries is often lower than the theoretical capacity due to possible side effects and special design requirements.

3. Rated voltage

The typical operating voltage of a battery at room temperature, also known as the nominal voltage. It is a reference when choosing different kinds of batteries. The actual working voltage of the battery is equal to the difference of the balance electrode potential between positive electrode and negative electrode depending on different operating conditions. It is only related to the type of electrode active material, and has nothing to do with the amount of active material. Battery voltage is essentially dc voltage, but in some special conditions, the electrode reaction caused by the metal crystal or some phase film phase change will cause small fluctuations in voltage, this phenomenon is called noise. The fluctuation range is very small but the frequency range is very wide, so it can be distinguished from the self-excited noise in the circuit.

4. Open circuit voltage

The terminal voltage of the battery in the open circuit state is called the open circuit voltage. The open-circuit voltage of the battery is equal to the difference between the positive electrode potential and the negative electrode potential of the battery when the battery is open (that is, when no current passes through the two poles). The open circuit voltage of the battery is open, said V open = Ф + V - Ф - namely, including Ф +, Ф - respectively is negative electrode potential of the battery. The open circuit voltage of a battery is generally less than its electromotive force. This is because the electrode potential established by the electrodes of a battery in an electrolyte solution is usually stable rather than equilibrium. Generally, the open circuit voltage of a battery is approximately the electromotive force of the battery.

5. Internal resistance

The internal resistance of a battery is the resistance to current passing through it. It includes ohmic resistance and polarization resistance, polarization resistance includes electrochemical polarization resistance and concentration polarization resistance. Because of the internal resistance, the working voltage of the battery is always less than the electromotive force or the open circuit voltage of the battery. The internal resistance of the battery is not constant, but constantly changes (gradually increases) with time in the process of charging and discharging. This is because the composition of the active material, the concentration and temperature of the electrolyte are constantly changing. Ohmic resistance obeys ohm's law. The polarization resistance increases with the increase of current density, but it is not linear. It usually increases with the increase of current density. Internal resistance is an important indicator of battery performance, which directly affects the working voltage, working current, output energy and power of the battery. The smaller the internal resistance, the better.

6. The impedance

The battery has a large area of electrode - electrolyte interface, so the battery can be equivalent to a large capacitor and small resistance, inductance series circuit. However, the actual situation is much more complicated. In particular, the impedance of the battery varies with time and dc level, and the measured impedance is only valid for the specific measurement state.

7. Charging and discharging rate

Sometimes the rate and the multiplier are two representations. The time rate is the charge and discharge rate expressed in charge and discharge time, which is equal to the rated capacity of the battery (an hour) divided by the number of hours of specified charge and discharge current (an hour). The multiplier is another representation of the charge and discharge rate, and its value is the inverse of the time ratio. The discharge rate of a galvanic cell is expressed as the time from discharge over a fixed resistance to termination voltage. Discharge rate has great influence on battery performance.

Life of 8.

Storage life refers to the maximum allowable storage time, in years, from the time the battery is made to the time it is put into use. The total term, including storage and use, is the battery life. Storage battery life is divided into dry storage life and wet storage life. Cycle life is the maximum cycle times of charge and discharge that the battery can achieve under the specified conditions. When the cycle life is specified, the system of charge and discharge cycle test must be specified at the same time, including charge and discharge rate, discharge depth and environmental temperature range, etc.

9. Self-discharge rate

The rate at which the battery loses capacity during storage. It is expressed as the percentage of the capacity of self-discharge loss in unit storage time to the capacity before storage.

Common battery types

1. Dry cell

Dry battery is also called manganese zinc battery, the so-called dry battery is relative to the volt battery, the so-called manganese zinc refers to the raw material. For other materials such as silver oxide batteries, nickel cadmium batteries. The voltage of the MNZN battery is 15V. Dry cells use chemicals to produce electricity. Its voltage is not high and the sustained current it can produce cannot exceed 1 ampere.

Lead 2 battery

The accumulator is one of the most widely used batteries. With a glass trough or plastic trough, filled with sulfuric acid, and then insert two lead plate, a positive pole and a charger is connected, a negative pole and a charger is connected, after more than ten hours of charging formed a battery. It has a voltage of 2 volts between its positive and negative poles. The advantage of the battery is that it can be used repeatedly. In addition, because of its small internal resistance, it can provide a large current. It is used to power the engine of a car with an instantaneous current of more than 20 amperes. When the battery is charged, it stores electric energy, and when it is discharged, it converts chemical energy into electric energy.

3. The lithium battery

A battery with a lithium anode. It is a new type of high-energy battery developed after the 1960s. According to the different electrolyte is divided into: (1) high temperature molten lithium salt battery; (2) organic electrolyte lithium battery; (3) inorganic non-water electrolyte lithium battery; (4) solid electrolyte lithium battery; (5) lithium water battery. Lithium battery has the advantage of single battery voltage, high specific energy, long storage life (up to 10 years), high and low temperature performance is good, can be used in - 40 ~ 150 ℃. The disadvantage is expensive, security is not high. In addition, voltage lag and safety problems still need to be improved. Vigorously develop the emergence of power batteries and new anode materials, especially the development of lithium iron phosphate materials, the development of lithium battery is very helpful.

What is a battery connector

Battery connectors are generally rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular and staged. "Miniaturization", "high-speed mobility" and intelligence of connector products are the trends of future development.

Battery spot welding more firm Honda electronic equipment can be designed, developed and produced according to customers' drawings and samples. It is widely used in 18650 lithium battery, 18650 battery pack, nickel-hydronickel-cadmium battery, lithium ion battery, mobile phone battery, notebook battery, mobile power battery, button battery, power battery pack, electric vehicle battery and other industries.

Soft connection 0.1 thick nickel plated copper foil surface, so that at the time of welding, the surface easy to high temperature oxidation discoloration, without breaking the product under the condition of surface finishes do fast polishing cleaning, you need to do special processing, such products, not only solved the problem of the don't need a whole plating, also solved the problem of the maximum conductivity, and the research to be promoted.

Copper nickel is the best, but less used. Second, pure nickel belt, most of the famous brand mobile phone battery is the use of pure nickel belt, but the price slant expensive. Finally, the nickel-plated steel belt, the general combination of batteries with nickel-plated steel belt in the majority, and the price is relatively cheap. Another point for electric welding, nickel - plated steel strip is easier to weld.

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